Since May 3rd, 2023, a violent conflict broke out in Manipur between two communities, marking one of the darkest periods in the state’s recent history. Thousands have been displaced from their homes and are living in relief camps under prolonged uncertainty, trauma, and loss. Beyond the visible damage to property and livelihood, an invisible wound continues to grow — a crisis of mental health, especially among the youth.
The prolonged conflict has deeply affected the minds of young people. Many are facing
emotional and psychological challenges such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD), grief, and hopelessness. The young generation, already burdened by social
and academic pressures, now faces a conflict-induced psychological war within themselves — one that rarely finds a voice in public discussions.
Understanding Depression in the Shadow of Conflict
Depression is not just sadness; it is a state of persistent emptiness that slowly eats away at a person’s energy, motivation, and joy in life. Clinically, it is a common but serious mood disorder that affects how one feels, thinks, and behaves. It interferes with daily functioning, disturbs sleep and appetite, and causes immense emotional pain.
However, depression in a conflict environment like Manipur takes a different shape. It is not born from personal failure or individual weakness — it is the result of accumulated trauma, loss, fear, and uncertainty. Young people who once dreamed of bright futures now struggle just to feel safe or hopeful.
In psychiatric understanding, depression can develop when traumatic experiences overpower a person’s coping mechanisms. When trauma becomes chronic — as it does in situations of prolonged conflict — the result is not just sadness, but a deep sense of helplessness and emotional exhaustion.
The Shadow of Trauma and Its Lasting Impact
Trauma is one of the strongest precursors of depression. Youths in Manipur have experienced both direct and indirect trauma — witnessing violence, losing loved ones, displacement from home, and the constant fear of uncertainty. These experiences leave behind psychological scars that do not heal easily.
When trauma is unaddressed, it manifests in symptoms like nightmares, anxiety, irritability,
avoidance behavior, and emotional numbness. Many youths in relief camps report persistent
feelings of fear and emptiness, but they rarely seek help due to stigma and lack of access to
mental health services.
In the long term, unresolved trauma transforms into chronic depression — a silent mental wound that steals away enthusiasm, focus, and dreams.
Stress and Uncertainty: The Fuel of Depression
Continuous stress and uncertainty erode mental stability. When a young person wakes up everyday unsure of their future, safety, or family stability, the psychological impact is immense. The conflict in Manipur has created exactly such an environment — unpredictable, unsafe, and exhausting.
This constant state of uncertainty triggers what psychologists describe as “intolerance of
uncertainty,” a mental condition where the inability to control the future generates anxiety and hopelessness. Many youths living in relief camps, separated from families or educational institutions, feel their lives have lost direction. This emotional instability often leads to depression, isolation, and withdrawal from social life.
Sadness and Depression: Knowing the Difference
Sadness is a normal human emotion — it comes and goes. Depression, on the other hand, is persistent, deep, and destructive. It doesn’t pass with time or comfort. Depression alters thought patterns and behavior, leading to feelings of worthlessness, fatigue, guilt, and sometimes suicidal ideation.
In a society deeply impacted by conflict, where grief is a collective experience, many people
normalize their suffering. They mistake depression for “just being sad.” This normalization delays treatment and allows mental illness to grow silently. Recognizing depression as a medical condition — not a weakness — is the first step toward healing.
Conflict and the Young Mind: The Lost Generation of Dreams
Conflict affects everyone, but its toll on the young mind is catastrophic. Youths are meant to build futures — but when the present itself is unstable, dreams become fragile. The ongoing conflict has disrupted education, jobs, and social structures, leaving young people directionless.
Many displaced students in camps have lost access to schools or colleges. Others live with the trauma of losing family members or seeing their homes destroyed. These repeated experiences of loss and instability push them toward emotional breakdown. For some, depression expresses as anger or frustration; for others, as silence and withdrawal.
This emotional void among the youth represents not just an individual crisis — but a
generational trauma that could have long-term implications for Manipur’s social fabric.
The Silent Burden of Stigma
In many parts of Manipur, mental health issues remain stigmatized. People suffering from depression are often told to “be strong” or “move on.”
The lack of understanding about mental illness mask of normalcy — a phenomenon known as
smiling depression.
Young people often fear being labeled as “weak” or “crazy.” This stigma prevents them from seeking timely help. Many choose silence over therapy, internalizing their pain until it becomes unbearable. Breaking this silence is vital. Families, teachers, and communities must learn to talk openly about mental health without judgment or shame.
Cultural and Gender Barriers to Healing
Traditional beliefs often interpret mental illness as spiritual weakness or possession. As a result, many affected individuals are taken to faith healers instead of medical professionals. While traditional practices may offer comfort, they cannot replace clinical care when dealing with disorders like depression or PTSD.
Gender expectations make matters worse.
Young men are expected to remain strong and
emotionless, while young women are often told that sadness is part of life. For transgender or gender-diverse youths, discrimination and rejection amplify emotional pain.
To heal effectively, Manipur must move toward culturally sensitive yet scientifically grounded
mental health care that recognizes these gendered and cultural dimensions.
The Pressure to Succeed: The Invisible Weight
Even amidst conflict, academic and social expectations have not disappeared. Youths continue to feel pressure to succeed — to excel in exams, secure jobs, or support families. When failure occurs, it is often internalized as a personal defect. Depression, which already saps energy and focus, makes academic or career success even harder, creating a vicious cycle of guilt and despair.
In a society where personal worth is tied to achievement, young people facing conflict-related disruptions feel doubly burdened — by external instability and internal shame.
Rising Trends of Self-Harm and Suicide
Depression, when left untreated, can become fatal. Across the world, self-harm and suicide
have been rising among young people — and conflict zones are particularly vulnerable. In
Manipur, repeated reports of suicide or self-harm among displaced youths reveal a tragic reality.
Depression isolates individuals, convincing them that their pain is permanent and their life meaningless. Yet these thoughts are treatable symptoms, not truths. Recognizing the warning. signs — social withdrawal, sudden mood changes, or expressions of hopelessness — is essential for prevention. Every conversation and every timely intervention can save a life.
Barriers to Seeking Help in Manipur
Despite the rising mental health crisis, help remains out of reach for many. Stigma, lack of
awareness, financial hardship, and limited access to mental health professionals create barriers.
Many relief camps and rural areas lack counseling services altogether. Families often prefer spiritual or community-based healing instead of medical treatment, not out of ignorance but due to limited options. To truly help the youth, mental health support systems must be integrated into community health programs and educational settings.
Coping and Recovery: The Path to Healing
Recovery from depression is possible. It begins with awareness, empathy, and support. Regular exercise, sufficient sleep, healthy food, and creative expression — through art, writing, or music— help regulate emotional health.
Psychological counseling, medication (when necessary), and family psychoeducation play key roles. Building peer support groups in relief camps and educational institutions can also provide safe emotional spaces for youths to talk and heal collectively. Healing is not immediate, but it is possible. The first step is always reaching out — and being heard.
The Role of Families and Communities
Families are the first line of defense against depression. Listening without judgment, creating safe spaces, and offering unconditional support can change lives. Teachers and social workers, too, can play a powerful role in early detection and intervention. The community must shift from silence to understanding — from shame to empathy. When society normalizes mental health conversations, recovery becomes easier and stigma weaker.
Symptoms of Depression
- Recognizing depression is critical for early intervention. Symptoms may include:
- Persistent sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness
- Loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed.
- Fatigue or lack of energy
- Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
- Changes in sleep patterns (insomnia or oversleeping)
- Appetite or weight changes
- Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
- Irritability or restlessness
- Social withdrawal or isolation
- Physical complaints without clear cause (headaches, stomach pain)
- Thoughts of death or suicide.
Awareness of these symptoms can help families, teachers, and peers identify struggling youths and encourage timely support.
In Conclusion: Healing the Mind, Healing the State Depression among the youths of Manipur is not only a clinical issue — it is a social emergency. The conflict has taken away not just homes and livelihoods, but peace of mind and purpose. Healing Manipur’s wounds must include mental health recovery, especially for its young generation.
Every displaced youth deserves not only shelter and food but also psychological safety and hope. Addressing depression is as crucial as rebuilding homes — for without mental resilience, peace cannot last.
If anyone is struggling with depression, anxiety, or emotional distress, please call the
Tele-MANAS Manipur helpline at 14416 or seek immediate help from mental health
professionals. Reaching out for help is not a sign of weakness — it is a courageous step toward healing, both for individuals and for Manipur’s future.
Chittaranjan Meitram is a Psychiatric Social Worker with clinical exposure as an intern at MIMHANS (Meghalaya Institute of Mental Health and Neurological Sciences) and the Centre for Mental Hygiene, Changangei, Imphal. He holds a Master’s degree in Social Work with a specialization in Medical & Psychiatric Social Work.
Chittaranjan Meitram
View More PostsChittaranjan Meitram is a Psychiatric Social Worker with clinical exposure as an intern at MIMHANS (Meghalaya Institute of Mental Health and Neurological Sciences) and the Centre for Mental Hygiene, Changangei, Imphal. He holds a Master’s degree in Social Work with a specialization in Medical & Psychiatric Social Work.
